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Net Margin · Net Profit Margin
The percentage of revenue left as net profit after paying all costs, interest, and taxes.
What it is
Net Margin = Net Income / Revenue × 100%
It is the "bottom line" of profitability — how many cents the company keeps from every dollar earned after paying absolutely everything: production, wages, marketing, interest on debt, and taxes.
Typical net margin ranges by sector:
- →Software / SaaS: 15–35%
- →Technology (hardware): 10–25%
- →Consumer goods: 5–15%
- →Retail / Trade: 1–5%
- →Manufacturing: 3–8%
Why track it
Net margin shows the overall profitability of the business. Monitor the trend — a rising margin alongside rising revenue signals operating leverage. A falling margin alongside rising revenue may signal pricing pressure, mix-shift toward less profitable products, or rising costs.
Be careful when comparing margins across different sectors — a retailer with a 3% net margin can be an excellent business; a SaaS company with a 3% net margin most likely is not.
Real-world example
Comparison (FY2025):
- →Microsoft: net margin ~35%
- →Apple: net margin ~25%
- →Amazon: net margin ~5%
- →Walmart: net margin ~2.5%
Amazon looks "barely profitable" versus Microsoft — but these are entirely different business models with different capital structures.